Electrode for electric-arc cutting or reducing



Apr. 1o, 1923.

C. J. HOLSLAG ELECTRODE FOR ELECTRIC ARC CUTT'ING OR REDUCING Filed Nov. 15, 1921 sans F/,vf fle/was MA TER/m.

M/XED WIT ATT R11/EY ducing process. f

Puenrea Apr. 1o, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CLAUDE J. noname, or soU'rH ORANGE, NEW JEEsEY, AssIGNoE 'ro ELEc'rEIc .anc

'JU'r'rING-a WELDING COHPANYQOE NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

ELEc'rEoiJE Fon ELECTRIC-Anc cU'rT'iNGon' nEDUcrNG.

Appucation'med November 1s, (1921.' semi No. 515,299.

To all whom t mayconcem:

Be it known that I, CLAUDE J. IloLsLac,

a citizen of the United States,- residin at ing had to the accompanying drawing and to the figures of reference marked thereon. This' invention relates'to an electrode to' be used in connection with an electric arc .for cutting metal plates or reducing metals of. different character'and by way of illus-f' tration, but not limitation, I- have'shown fthe electrodenused in connection y with a source of nalternating current, such as a transformer similar to thatl shown in 'my Patent 1,305,363 issuedJune 3, 1919. 'In

my Patent 1,321,3094issued November 11, 1919, I have described a perforating, cut-4 ting and reducing electrode of a given type patent.

My present invention relates to an.

proved form'of cutting and reducing lelec'l trode. Irhave discovered that for cutting purposes if the electrode is made relatively wide as compared `with its thickness,7 that it will cut.' the metal faster and leave a much cleaner .edge than an electrode of the type described in my patent above referred to, although in my .present invention I`r`e' tain one of the fundamental ideas ofl my previous patent; that is to' say, the oxygen liberating compound, but in addition I uti?` i lze arotecting coating over the lcuter'-v surfaceo the Yelectrode in order t'o prevent" usev less destruction or eating u'p of the elec-v 40 trode bythe arc during the cutting or re- Ijhave chosen to illustrate my invention i Figure 1 is a view 'of one form of myielecsQl trode in which the protecting covering'-' theV elgc# as a covers two-sides and -one edge of ltrode, leaving", one edgebare; Eigure 2 asection on the line. Fi 'ure 1; igure electrode covered with a. protectingy covering'. i Figure 4' shows a modified form of ae@- trode of thegeneral form of Fig. 1 without the outer protecting covering.

Figure 5 shows my invention applied to a circular.. form-of electrode; while Figure 6 shows van'electrode connected to a special transformer connected in a cutting circuit. Y

As illustrated, 1 is an electrode prefer' 1ably of carbon or graphite. As shown in QFig. 1, this electrode is slotted lup tothe point 2 and theslot is filled with some nefibrous material, such as asbestos, which has been impregnatedlwith some oxygen liberating compound such as bichro'mate of potassium, manganese/dioxide, bariumdi oxide, vpotassium per-manganate, potassium chlorate,` etc. Mixedv with the fibrous ma ,-teijialjand either `,one ormore of, the compounds above mentioned is silicatejof soda which, in addition toits beneficial action O Imection' witligthe arc, is used as a '.fbiriderto hold the? material to etherl and to 'and or certain purposesas set `forth in theycarbon or graphite electro eas the ma- 'teri:1 has beenforced into the slot 3.

In connection with the above ingredients 1I 'may' in some cases use carbonate of calciu'm', as I have found this helpsV to float the impurities out of the molten metal, al,- vlowing the same to gasify quickly.

' In certain classes of work I havev found it advantageous t o use a protecting cover- -ingy on the outer periphe of the carbon Vor graphitel The object sths outer coat- 'ing is to help control 4and"concentrate the arc and prevent thel electrode from heatinggup on the outside and'burning away underthe @tremendous heat of the arc. I havefound that, a mixture of silicate of sodand inely'jground asbestos is well .adapted to this' purpose as both have high heat. resisting properties and burn away fslowly, ythereby materially increasing the lifeof-thefelectrode, as well as giving the .aava'' fof uconiining .the arc to the de? i: I prefer torleave one ed .isf'seilfasabovedescribed Iv reifer to leave uleena (1f-th electrode', as mdicaad at 4,

yuncoveredin order to clamp. the electrode in cetcie asishcwn in' Fig. 1 bare '1n ifnstrikingthe arc Vand posif tionin it;,'1a1tho it is tobe understood I may 3 is `a similar section as. F` .4.. ure 2, but Withthe entire periphery of t e t s a suitable holder and also leave the opposite end uncovered inorder to assist in start-- ing the arc.

As shown in Fig. 4, the electrode may consist of two sections 6 and 7, said sections being held together'by the binding effect of the silicate of soda as reviously set forth;

although it is to be un erstood that the sec` tions may be held together by other means.

When an electrode built in this manner is put in the holder, the holder itself tends to hold the sections 6 and 7 together. However, I wish it to be understood that in the form shown in Figure 1, I consider the electrode as being made up substantially in two sections; that is to say, as used in the claims, this term is broad enough to cover both cases; that is a two-part electrode as shown in Fig. 4 and theelectrode slotted for nearly its entire length as shown in Figure- 1. It is further to be understood that an electrode as indicated inFiguretmay be covered with the protecting coatlng the same as illustrated in Figures 2 and'v 3.

For certainclasses of Work I prefer a c-ircular electrode as shown in Figure 5, or the electrode may bey elliptical in form, but in either case the electrode is either slotted for substantially its entire length or made in two complete sections as shown in Figure 4, the same material being used between the sections as has been previously described in connection with Fig. 1.

Figure 6 indicates diagrammatically the application. of my electrode to a'welding circuit, T being aspecial transformer adapted for thispurpose, lW the work to be cut and 1 the electrode. When eitherl` of the electrodes herein described are used for cutting purposes as 'shown in Figure 6, the arc is started at thel edge of the metal and immediately the oxygen carried by the electrode in the manner described isquickly liberated under the heat of the arc and comlbines with the metal liquefying the same and carrying off considerable portions of gas, the balance being melted and drops through the cut,

which due to the shape of my electrode, the same being for cutting purposes considerably wider than it is thick, produces a relatively narrow and .square cut through -the material. Since thetemperature of the arc is extremely high, the electrode' would get very hot and would rapidly disintegrate. In

order to overcome this I have used a protectingcovering as described.

While I have-"chosen certain forms ofan l electrode I do not wish to be limited to the exact details shown and described herein, as themselves' numerous changes will suggest to one skilled-in the art: 1 i Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. An electrode use in electr-ic arc -cultting or l*reducing `comprising `a :material arranged in substantially twose'ctions and carrymg a compound between said sections,.

said compound being adapted under the ,heat of the arc to give up-oxygen freely' for the purpose described.v A l 2. An electrode for use in electric arc cutting or reducing comprising a material arranged in substantially twosections and carrying a compound between said sections,saidcompound being adapted under the heat of the arc to give up oxygen freely, said electrode having a protecting covering over its outer surface throughout the greater part of its length for the purpose described.

3. An electrode foi' use in elect-ric arcvcutting or'reducing comprising a .material arranged in substantially two sections and carrying a compound between saidsections, said compound being adapted under the heat of the arc to give up oxygen freely, said electrode having a protecting covering over the-v major portionv of its periphery throughout purpose described.

4. An electrode for use in elect-ric arc cutthe greater part of its length as andifor the Vting or reduclng, comprising a materlal rectangular in shape and arranged in substantially two sections and carrying a compound between said sections, said'compound being,

tangular in shape having a width consider*- a'bly in'excess of its Vthickness andI arranged in substantially two sections and carrying a compound between said sections, said compound being adapted under the heat of the `arc to give up oxygen freely, said electrode having a protecting covering over itsV outer surface throughout the greater part of its length' for the purpose described.

7. Anelectrode for'use inelectric arc cutting or reducing, comprising a material rectangular in shape having a width considerably in excess of its thickness and arranged in substantially two sections and carrying al compound between said sections, said comp'oundbeingadapted under the heat of the arc to give, up oxygen freely, said electrode having a protectlng covering, over two sides and one edge throughout the greater part of its length. 4 v

` 8. An electrode for use in electricarc cut'- ting or reducing comprising a graphiticd substantially two part structure and carrying a adapted under the heat of the arcI to givel up oxygen freely, said electrode having an outervcoating ot' protecting material.

l0. An electrode for use in electric arc cutting or reducing comprising a graphitic substantially two part structure and carrying a compound, between said two parts, which is adapted under the heat of the arc to give up oxygen freely, said electrode having an outer coating of silicate of soda and finely powdered asbestos.

11.' An electrode for use in electric arc cutting or reducing, comprising a graphitic substantially two part structure and carrying a compound, between said two parts, which contains a material such as bicliromate of postassium, barium dioxide, manganese dioxide, postassium per-manganate, potassium chlorate, etc. adapted under the heat of the arc to liberate a quantity of oxygen to assist in liqucfying and gasify'ng the metal to be cut or reduced.

12. An electrode for use in electric arc cutting or reducing, comprising a graphitic substantially two part structure and carrying a compound, between saidtwo parts, which 'contains a material such as bichromate of potassium, barium dioxide, manganese dioxide, potassium per-manganate, potassium chlorate, etc. adapted under the heat of the arc to liberate a quantity of oxygen to assist in liquefying and gasifying the metal to be cut or reduced, said electrode having, an outer coating of protecting material.

13. An electrode for use in electric arc cutting or reducing, comprising a graphitic substantially two part structure and carryin a compound, between said two parts, which contains silicate of soda, and a compound which gives up freely, under the heat of the arc, a considerable uantity of oxygen for the purpose describeld.

14. An electrode for use in electric arc cutting or reducing-comprising a graphitic substant-ially two part structure and carrying a compound, between said two parts, which contains silicate of soda, calcium carbonate and a compound which gives up freely, under the heat of the arc, a considerable quantity of oxygen for the purpose described.

15. An electrode for use in electric arccutting or reducing, comprising a graphitic substantially two part structure and carrying a compound, between said two parts, which contains silicate of soda and a compound which gives up freely, under the heat of the arc, a considerable quantity of oxygen, said electrode having an outer coating over most of its length of a protecting material.

16. An electrode for use in electric arc cutt-ing or reducing, comprising a graphitic substantially two part structure and carrying a compound, betWeensa-id two parts, which contains silicate of soda, calcium carbonate and a compound which gives up freely, under the heat of the arc, a considerable quantity of oxygen, said electrode having an outer coat-ing over most of its'length of a protecting material.

In testimony whereof, I aiiix my signature.

CLAUDE J. HOLSLAG. 

